Статья
ХРОНОТЕРАПИЯ АРТЕРИАЛЬНОЙ ГИПЕРТОНИИ: СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ
В последнее время все большее внимание привлекает хронотерапевтический подход к лечению артериальной гипертонии (АГ), позволяющий повысить эффективность лечения при нетрадиционном режиме назначения антигипертензивных препаратов. Возрастание интереса к хронотерапии АГ связано с получением новых сведений о высокой прогностической значимости ночного АД и степени его ночного снижения. Метод отличается крайней простотой применения, накапливаются данные о его высокой эффективности. В статье подробно разобраны преимущества и ограничения двух возможных подходов к хронотерапии АГ.Крупнейшим исследованием, в котором изучалась возможность снижения риска сердечно-сосудистых осложнений при нормализации суточного ритма АД, вызванной назначением антигипертензивных препаратов на ночь, является проект MAPEC. Авторами были получены впечатляющие результаты – снижение риска сердечно-сосудистых осложнений более чем в два раза в группе хронотерапии. Однако данное исследование имело существенные ограничения: этнически однородная популяция, отсутствие независимой верификации конечных точек и информации о нежелательных явлениях, неудобство использования 48-часового мониторирования АД.Имеющаяся в настоящее время научная информация, свидетельствующая в пользу хронотерапии АГ, требует подтверждения в тщательно спланированных, проспективных, многоцентровых исследованиях. По мнению авторов статьи, проиллюстрированному собственными данными, сохраняют свою актуальность и сравнительно небольшие и непродолжительные исследования, позволяющие реализовать некоторые «тонкие» методические подходы: двойной слепой метод, перекрестный дизайн и сравнение фармакокинетики антигипертензивных препаратов при утреннем и вечернем приеме.
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