1. Tsimikas S. Lipoprotein(a) in the Year 2024: A Look Back and a Look Ahead. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2024;44(7):1485-90. DOI:10.1161/ATVBAHA.124.319483.
2. Tsimikas S, Kille A, Kaier K, et al. Oxidized Phospholipids on Apo B100, Platelet Activation and Reactivity, and Long-Term Cardiovascular Outcomes. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2025;45(10):1935-44. DOI:10.1161/ATVBAHA.125.322347.
3. Enkhmaa B, Berglund L. Non-genetic influences on lipoprotein(a) concentrations. Atherosclerosis. 2022;349:53-62. DOI:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.04.006.
4. Bhatia HS, Wandel S, Willeit P, et al. Independence of Lipoprotein(a) and LowDensity Lipoprotein Cholesterol-Mediated Cardiovascular Risk: A ParticipantLevel Meta-Analysis. Circulation. 2025;151(4):312-21. DOI:10.1161/ CIRCULATIONAHA.124.069556.
5. Clarke R, Peden JF, Hopewell JC, et al.; PROCARDIS Consortium. Genetic variants associated with Lp(a) lipoprotein level and coronary disease. N Engl J Med. 2009;361(26):2518-28. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa0902604.
6. Huang Y, Zhang R, Han L, et al. Lipoprotein(a) and stroke: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Aging Neurosci. 2023;15:1178079. DOI:10.3389/fnagi.2023.1178079.
7. Amiri M, Raeisi-Dehkordi H, Verkaar AJCF, et al. Circulating lipoprotein (a) and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Eur J Epidemiol. 2023;38(5):485-99. DOI:10.1007/s10654-022-00956-4.
8. Kronenberg F, Mora S, Stroes ESG, et al. Lipoprotein(a) in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and aortic stenosis: a European Atherosclerosis Society consensus statement. Eur Heart J. 2022;43(39):3925-46. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehac361.
9. Kamstrup PR, Benn M, Tybjaerg-Hansen A, Nordestgaard BG. Extreme lipoprotein(a) levels and risk of myocardial infarction in the general population: the Copenhagen City Heart Study. Circulation. 2008;117(2):176-84. DOI:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.715698.
10. Коновалов Г.А., Хутаева З.И., Мухтаров М.Б. и др. Липопротеин(а) и его связь с ишемической болезнью сердца: данные большой выборки Российской Федерации. Кардиология. 2025;65(4):3-9]. DOI:10.18087/cardio.2025.4.n2866.
11. Bittner VA, Szarek M, Aylward PE, et al.; ODYSSEY OUTCOMES Committees and Investigators. Effect of Alirocumab on Lipoprotein(a) and Cardiovascular Risk After Acute Coronary Syndrome. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;75(2):133-44. DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2019.10.057.
12. Chung YH, Lee BK, Kwon HM, et al. Coronary calcification is associated with elevated serum lipoprotein (a) levels in asymptomatic men over the age of 45 years: A cross-sectional study of the Korean national health checkup data. Medicine (Baltimore). 2021;100(9):e24962. DOI:10.1097/MD.0000000000024962.
13. Haq A, Veerati T, Walser-Kuntz E, et al. Coronary artery calcium and the risk of cardiovascular events and mortality in younger adults: a meta-analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2024;31(9):1061-9. DOI:10.1093/eurjpc/zwad399.
14. Abuzaid A, Saad M, Addoumieh A, et al. Coronary artery calcium score and risk of cardiovascular events without established coronary artery disease: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Coron Artery Dis. 2021;32(4):317-28. DOI:10.1097/MCA.0000000000000974.
15. Razavi AC, Blaha MJ, Bhatia HS. Inconsistent association between lipoprotein(a) and coronary artery calcium. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2025;32(9):756-7. DOI:10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf196.
16. Singh SS, van der Toorn JE, Sijbrands EJG, et al. Lipoprotein(a) is associated with a larger systemic burden of arterial calcification. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2023;24(8):1102-9. DOI:10.1093/ehjci/jead057.
17. Sung DE, Rhee EJ, Lee JY, et al. Elevated lipoprotein(a) is not linked to coronary artery calcification incidence or progression. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2025;32(9):746-55. DOI:10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf088.
18. Shah H, Garacci E, Behuria S, et al. Cardiovascular risk-enhancing factors and coronary artery calcium in South Asian American adults: The MASALA study. Am J Prev Cardiol. 2022;13:100453. DOI:10.1016/j.ajpc.2022.100453.
19. Guerra R, Yu Z, Marcovina S, et al. Lipoprotein(a) and apolipoprotein(a) isoforms: no association with coronary artery calcification in the Dallas Heart Study. Circulation. 2005;111(12):1471-9. DOI:10.1161/01.CIR.0000159263.50305.BD.
20. Cho L, Nicholls SJ, Nordestgaard BG, et al. Design and Rationale of Lp(a)HORIZON Trial: Assessing the Effect of Lipoprotein(a) Lowering With Pelacarsen on Major Cardiovascular Events in Patients With CVD and Elevated Lp(a). Am Heart J. 2025;287:1-9. DOI:10.1016/j.ahj.2025.03.019.
21. Vazirian F, Sadeghi M, Kelesidis T, et al. Predictive value of lipoprotein(a) in coronary artery calcification among asymptomatic cardiovascular disease subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2023;33(11):2055-66. DOI:10.1016/j.numecd.2023.07.015.
22. Mach F, Koskinas KC, Roeters van Lennep JE, et al.; ESC/EAS Scientific Document Group. 2025 Focused Update of the 2019 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias. Eur Heart J. 2025;46(42):4359-78. DOI:10.1093/ eurheartj/ehaf190. Erratum in: Eur Heart J. 2026;47(6):697. DOI:10.1093/ eurheartj/ehaf1036.
23. Maron DJ, Budoff MJ, Sky JC, et al. Coronary Artery Calcium Staging to Guide Preventive Interventions: A Proposal and Call to Action. JACC Adv. 2024;3(11):101287. DOI:10.1016/j.jacadv.2024.101287.
24. Orringer CE, Blaha MJ, Blankstein R, et al. The National Lipid Association scientific statement on coronary artery calcium scoring to guide preventive strate gies for ASCVD risk reduction. J Clin Lipidol. 2021;15(1):33-60. DOI:10.1016/ j.jacl.2020.12.005.
25. Mehta A, Vasquez N, Ayers CR, et al. Independent Association of Lipoprotein(a) and Coronary Artery Calcification With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2022;79(8):757-68. DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2021.11.058.
26. Kim BJ, Kang J. Association of lipoprotein(a) and coronary artery calcium with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. J Clin Lipidol. 2025;19(3):521-30. DOI:10.1016/j.jacl.2025.02.007.
27. Nurmohamed NS, Gaillard EL, Malkasian S, et al. Lipoprotein(a) and Long-Term Plaque Progression, Low-Density Plaque, and Pericoronary Inflammation. JAMA Cardiol. 2024;9(9):826-34. DOI:10.1001/jamacardio.2024.1874.
28. Peng J, Liu MM, Liu HH, et al. Lipoprotein (a)-mediated vascular calcification: population-based and in vitro studies. Metabolism. 2022;127:154960. DOI:10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154960.
29. Obisesan OH, Kou M, Wang FM, et al. Lipoprotein(a) and Subclinical Vascular and Valvular Calcification on Cardiac Computed Tomography: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. J Am Heart Assoc. 2022;11(11):e024870. DOI:10.1161/JAHA.121.024870.
30. Martignoni FV, Rl Júnior JE, Marques IR, et al. The association of lipoprotein(a) and coronary artery calcium in asymptomatic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2024;31(6):732-41. DOI:10.1093/eurjpc/zwae043.
31. Qiu Y, Hao W, Guo Y, et al. The association of lipoprotein (a) with coronary artery calcification: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Atherosclerosis. 2024;388:117405. DOI:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.117405.
32. Jug B, Papazian J, Lee R, Budoff MJ. Association of lipoprotein subfractions and coronary artery calcium in patient at intermediate cardiovascular risk. Am J Cardiol. 2013;111(2):213-8. DOI:10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.09.016.
33. Huffman MD, Kandula NR, Baldridge AS, et al. Evaluating the Potential Association Between Lipoprotein(a) and Atherosclerosis (from the Mediators of Atherosclerosis Among South Asians Living in America Cohort). Am J Cardiol. 2019;123(6):919-21. DOI:10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.12.013.
34. Pechlivanis S, Mahabadi AA, Hoffmann P, et al. Association between lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) levels and Lp(a) genetic variants with coronary artery calcification. BMC Med Genet. 2020;21(1):62. DOI:10.1186/s12881-020-01003-3.
35. Emdin CA, Khera AV, Natarajan P, et al.; CHARGE–Heart Failure Consortium; CARDIoGRAM Exome Consortium. Phenotypic Characterization of Genetically Lowered Human Lipoprotein(a) Levels. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;68(25):2761-72. DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2016.10.033.
36. Budoff MJ, Kinninger A, Gransar H, et al.; CONFIRM Investigators. When Does a Calcium Score Equate to Secondary Prevention?: Insights From the Multinational CONFIRM Registry. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2023;16(9):1181-9. DOI:10.1016/j.jcmg.2023.03.008.