1. Ommen SR, Ho CY, Asif IM, Balaji S, Burke MA, Day SM et al. 2024 AHA/ACC/AMSSM/HRS/PACES/SCMR Guideline for the Management of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Report of the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. JACC. 2024;83(23):2324–405. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2024.02.014
2. Schlittler M, Pramstaller PP, Rossini A, De Bortoli M. Myocardial Fibrosis in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Perspective from Fibroblasts. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023;24(19):14845. DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914845
3. Kiaos A, Daskalopoulos GN, Kamperidis V, Ziakas A, Efthimiadis G, Karamitsos TD. Quantitative Late Gadolinium Enhancement Cardiac Magnetic Resonance and Sudden Death in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging. 2024;17(5):489–97. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2023.07.005
4. Meier C, Eisenblätter M, Gielen S. Myocardial Late Gadolinium Enhancement (LGE) in Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (CMR) – An Important Risk Marker for Cardiac Disease. Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease. 2024;11(2):40. DOI: 10.3390/jcdd11020040
5. Gao L, Lin Y, Ji M, Wu W, Li H, Qian M et al. Clinical Utility of ThreeDimensional Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography in Heart Failure. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2022;11(21):6307. DOI: 10.3390/jcm11216307
6. Wang J, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Tian F, Wang B, Xie Y et al. Assessment of Myocardial Fibrosis Using Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Dilated Cardiomyopathy With Advanced Heart Failure. Journal of Cardiac Failure. 2021;27(6):651–61. DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2021.01.003
7. Ashkir Z, Samat AHA, Ariga R, Finnigan LEM, Jermy S, Akhtar MA et al. Myocardial disarray and fibrosis across hypertrophic cardiomyopathy stages associate with ECG markers of arrhythmic risk. European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging. 2025;26(2):218–28. DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeae260
8. Salte IM, Østvik A, Olaisen SH, Karlsen S, Dahlslett T, Smistad E et al. Deep Learning for Improved Precision and Reproducibility of Left Ventricular Strain in Echocardiography: A Test-Retest Study. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography. 2023;36(7):788–99. DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2023.02.017
9. Sun W, Shen X, Wang J, Zhu S, Zhang Y, Wu C et al. Association Between 2D- and 3D-Speckle-Tracking Longitudinal Strain and Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Evidence of Diffuse Myocardial Fibrosis in Heart Transplant Recipients. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine. 2021;8:727745. DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.727745
10. Urbano-Moral JA, Rowin EJ, Maron MS, Crean A, Pandian NG. Investigation of Global and Regional Myocardial Mechanics With 3-Dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography and Relations to Hypertrophy and Fibrosis in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging. 2014;7(1):11–9. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCIM-AGING.113.000842
11. Liu Z-Q, Magrath P, Maforo NG, Loecher M, Wu HH, Prosper A et al. Left Ventricular Twist and Circumferential Strain from MRI Tagging Predict Early Cardiovascular Disease in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Diagnostics. 2025;15(3):326. DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics15030326
12. Mėlinytė-Ankudavičė K, Marcinkevičienė K, Galnaitienė G, Bučius P, Lapinskas T, Ereminienė E et al. Potential prognostic impact of leftventricular global longitudinal strain in analysis of whole-heart myocardial mechanics in nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging. 2024;40(9):1941–9. DOI: 10.1007/s10554-024-03184-x
13. Parisi V, Losi MA, Contaldi C, Chiacchio E, Pastore F, Scatteia A et al. Speckle‐tracking analysis based on 2D echocardiography does not reliably measure left ventricular torsion. Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. 2013;33(2):117–21. DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12002
14. Sun Z, Wang Y, Hu Y, Wu F, Zhang N, Liu Z et al. Left ventricular dyssynchrony measured by cardiovascular magnetic resonance-feature tracking in anterior ST-elevation myocardial infarction: relationship with microvascular occlusion myocardial damage. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine. 2023;10:1255063. DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1255063
15. Santoro F, Mango F, Mallardi A, D’Alessandro D, Casavecchia G, Gravina M et al. Arrhythmic Risk Stratification among Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2023;12(10):3397. DOI: 10.3390/jcm12103397
16. Zhao M, He X, Min X, Yang H, Wu W, Zhong J et al. Recent Clinical Updates of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy and Future Therapeutic Strategies. Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine. 2025;26(2):25132. DOI: 10.31083/RCM25132
17. Hesse K, Khanji MY, Aung N, Dabbagh GS, Petersen SE, Chahal CAA. Assessing heterogeneity on cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging: a novel approach to diagnosis and risk stratification in cardiac diseases. European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging. 2024;25(4):437–45. DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jead285
18. Faro DC, Losi V, Rodolico MS, Licciardi S, Monte IP. Speckle tracking echocardiography-derived parameters as new prognostic markers in hypertrophic cardiomyopathies. European Heart Journal Open. 2023;3(2):oead014. DOI: 10.1093/ehjopen/oead014
19. Prasad SK, Akbari T, Bishop MJ, Halliday BP, Leyva-Leon F, Marchlinski F. Late gadolinium enhancement imaging and sudden cardiac death. European Heart Journal. 2025;46(36):3555–68. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaf464
20. Spinar J, Spinarova L, Malek F, Ludka O, Krejci J, Ostadal P et al. Prognostic value of NT-proBNP added to clinical parameters to predict two-year prognosis of chronic heart failure patients with midrange and reduced ejection fraction – A report from FAR NHL prospective registry. PLOS ONE. 2019;14(3):e0214363. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214363
21. Martini L, Lisi M, Pastore MC, Righini FM, Rubboli A, Henein MY et al. The Role of Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in the Evaluation of Advanced-Heart-Failure Patients. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024;13(14):4037. DOI: 10.3390/jcm13144037
22. Guo X-W, Zhao M, Duan X-L, Han G-J, Wang J-F, Shi J-F et al. Comparative efficacy of interventional therapy with or without targeted immunotherapy in Child-Pugh B hepatocellular carcinoma patients: a single-center, retrospective study. Frontiers in Oncology. 2025;15:1541805. DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1541805
23. East S, Wang Y, Yanamala N, Maganti K, Sengupta PP. Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Point-of-Care Echocardiography: Bringing Precision Imaging to the Bedside. Current Atherosclerosis Reports. 2025;27(1):70. DOI: 10.1007/s11883-025-01316-9
24. Li Y-L, Leu H-B, Ting C-H, Lim S-S, Tsai T-Y, Wu C-H et al. Predicting long-term time to cardiovascular incidents using myocardial perfusion imaging and deep convolutional neural networks. Scientific Reports. 2024;14(1):3802. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54139-0
25. Hopman LHGA, Van Pouderoijen N, Kemme MJB, Allaart CP, Götte MJW. Challenges in longitudinal atrial late gadolinium enhancement quantification in patients undergoing pulmonary vein isolation. Heart Rhythm. 2026;23(1):e90–2. DOI: 10.1016/j. hrthm.2025.09.021
26. Hong Y, Xi H-T, Yang X-Y, Su WW, Li X-P. Pathogenic genes and clinical prognosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. World Journal of Cardiology. 2025;17(1):99595. DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v17.i1.99595