Статья
ТРОМБОЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ ТЕРАПИЯ У БОЛЬНЫХ ОСТРЫМ ИНФАРКТОМ МИОКАРДА
Сообщается, что внедрение в клиническую практику тромболитической (фибринолитической) терапии привело к снижению летальности больных в первый месяц после инфаркта миокарда с 17-18%до 5-8%. Рассматриваются различные аспекты этой терапии: сроки тромболизиса от начала клинических проявлений инфаркта, альтернативные методы восстановления коронарного кровотока, показания и противопоказания, осложнения и побочные эффекты, способы оценки эффективности тромболизиса. Дано представление о фибрин-селективных и фибрин-неселективных препаратах. Описаны различные фибринолитики: стрептокиназа, анистреплаза, альтеплаза, ретеплаза, тенектеплаза. Анализируются результаты крупных рандомизированных клинических исследований, посвященных фибринолитической терапии инфаркта миокарда: GISSI, ISSIS, TIMI, GUSTO, INJECT, ASSENT. Обсуждаются возможности повышения эффективности и безопасности фибринолитиков путем их комбинации с ацетилсалициловой кислотой, ингибиторами IIb/IIIa рецепторов, гепаринами.
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