Статья
Хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких и сердечно-сосудистая коморбидность
В последние годы пришло большее понимание гетерогенности и сложности хронической обструктивной болезни легких (ХОБЛ) с точки зрения интегральной клинической оценки тяжести, патофизиологии и взаимосвязи с другой патологией. Типичный пациент ХОБЛ страдает в среднем 4 и более сопутствующими заболеваниями и каждый день примерно треть пациентов принимают от 5 до 10 различных препаратов. Механизмы взаимовлияния ХОБЛ и сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ) включают влияние системного воспаления, гипервоздушности (гиперинфляции) легких и бронхиальной обструкции. Риск развития CCЗ у пациентов с ХОБЛ в среднем в 2–3 раза выше, чем у лиц сопоставимого возраста в общей популяции даже с учетом риска табакокурения. Распространенность ишемической болезни сердца, сердечной недостаточности и нарушений ритма среди больных ХОБЛ значительно выше, чем в общей популяции. В статье подробно обсуждается безопасность назначения различных групп препаратов для терапии ССЗ у пациентов с ХОБЛ. Достичь успеха в понимании и ведении пациентов с ХОБЛ и ССЗ возможно при использовании интегрального мультидисциплинарного подхода.
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