Статья
Клиническое значение растворимого CD40 лиганда у больных ишемической болезнью сердца
Воспаление и тромбоз играют важную роль в патогенезе различных сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ). Связь развития атеросклероза и острого коронарного синдрома (ОКС) является двусторонней. Одним из механизмов, связывающих воспаление и тромбообразование, является активация сигнальной системы CD40/CD40L. CD40 и CD40 лиганд (CD40L) - трансмембранные гликопротеиды, относящиеся к семейству рецепторов факторов некроза опухоли и семейству факторов некроза опухоли соответственно. CD40 и CD40L экспрессируются различными клетками, в т.ч. клетками атеросклеротической бляшки: В-лимфоцитами, макрофагами/моноцитами, эндотелиальными и гладкомышечными клетками. Недавно к источникам растворимой формы CD40L (sCD40L) были причислены тромбоциты. В исследованиях последних лет изучалось диагностическое и прогностическое значения sCD40L у больных ишемической болезнью сердца (ИБС). Было показано достоверное увеличение уровней sCD40L y больных инфарктом миокарда и нестабильной стенокардией по сравнению с больными стабильной стенокардией напряжения и здоровыми лицами. Прогностическое значение sCD40L изучено у относительно здоровых женщин, а также у больных с ОКС; высокие уровни sCD40L независимо предсказывали увеличение сердечно-сосудистого риска. Повышение уровней sCD40L в плазме связано с развитием рестеноза после баллонной ангиопластики коронарных артерий. Есть данные о повышенных концентрациях sCD40Ly больных сахарным диабетом, с гиперхолестеринемией, острой ишемией мозга, у курильщиков, а также у пациентов с первичной и вторичной легочной гипертензией. sCD40L можно рассматривать, как маркер воспаления и тромбообразования одновременно, а повышение его уровня является фактором риска ССЗ и связано с неблагоприятным прогнозом у больных ИБС.
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