Статья
Особенности факторов риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний у женщин и роль половых гормонов
Несмотря на определенные успехи, достигнутые в последние годы, проблема сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ) у женщин остается одним из главных вызовов 21 века, социально-экономическое бремя которой будет возрастать в связи с резким увеличением числа женщин старшего возраста. В последние годы кардиологи все больше внимания стали уделять менопаузе, как специфическому фактору риска ССЗ у женщин. Однако определенным осложнениям беременности, преждевременному “выключению” функции яичников, также способствующим повышению риска сердечно-сосудистых событий в последующие годы, не придается должного значения. Несомненно, заместительная гормональная терапия остается терапией первой линии и самым эффективным методом лечения эстрогенного дефицита у молодых женщин и менопаузальных симптомов в постменопаузе; залогом ее эффективности и безопасности являются правильные сроки назначения, низкая доза и подходящая для конкретной пациентки комбинация эстрогенов/прогестинов. Междисциплинарный подход крайне важен для своевременного выявления женщин с повышенным риском, поскольку предоставление им рекомендаций по изменению образа жизни, проведение необходимых диагностических процедур и, в случае необходимости, активное терапевтическое вмешательство будут содействовать сокращению риска ССЗ у этих женщин в последующем.
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