Статья
Транскатетерное протезирование митрального клапана: современное состояние проблемы
Болезни митрального клапана по распространенности находятся на втором месте после атеросклероза коронарных сосудов и быстро приводят к тяжелой сердечной недостаточности. Болезнями митрального клапана дегенеративной и ишемической этиологии страдают 7,5% от общей популяции населения в возрасте старше 65 лет и 9,3% старше 75 лет. «Открытые» (с искусственным кровообращением) технологии хирургической коррекции или замены клапана невозможны почти у половины из этих пациентов из-за осложнений и сопутствующих заболеваний, способствующих крайне высокому риску вмешательства. В последнее десятилетие для этой же категории пациентов с пороком аортального клапана активно используются малоинвазивные, эндоваскулярные технологии - транскатетерная имплантация аортального клапана (TAVI). Однако процедура транскатетерного протезирования митрального клапана (TMVI) была разработана только в последние 2 года.
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