Статья
Возможности применения менопаузальной гормональной терапии у женщин высокого сердечно-сосудистого риска
В обзорной статье представлены этапы применения менопаузальной гормональной терапии (МГТ) с позиций первичной и вторичной профилактики риска развития ишемической болезни сердца (ИБС) и смертельных исходов. На основании полученных данных был обновлен ряд рекомендаций и согласительных документов, отражающих необходимость соблюдения «временной гипотезы» при назначении МГТ в целях улучшения прогноза. Показаны аргументы возможного применения МГТ как в первичной профилактике сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний у женщин с кардиоваскулярными факторами риска, так и у пациенток с ИБС в анамнезе, перенесенными инфарктами миокарда, при развитии хронической сердечной недостаточности и фибрилляции предсердий. В 2021 году было выдвинуто предложение определять выбор МГТ в зависимости от групп сердечно-сосудистого риска (ССР). Однако такой подход к выбору МГТ исключает персонификацию и индивидуализацию возможности применения данного метода лечения при наличии отдельных факторов низкого, промежуточного ССР, таких как АГ, гиперхолестеринемия, сахарный диабет 2-го типа и других, особенно при их хорошем контроле. Поэтому принятие клинических решений о применении МГТ в условиях высокого ССР и наличии индивидуальных клинически значимых факторов риска должно осуществляться мультидисциплинарной командой, что позволит исключить как немотивированные запреты, так и назначения при наличии противопоказаний.
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